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Sprite Arrays - Featured Article

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I recently wrote a TechNet Wiki article describing how to manage arrays of sprites in a game.

For the full article see http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/24857.small-basic-sprite-arrays.aspx.

The following is an excerpt from one section...


Recycling sprites

We often want sprites to appear and disappear.  One way to do this is to recycle the sprites from a 'pool', activating and using them as required.  This can be good for example to fire bullets or missiles, when we only ever need a limited number on screen at the same time.

The example below fires missiles when the mouse is clicked.  A new spriteData property "Status" is used to flag that missiles are active or not.  Inactive missiles are hidden and they are shown while they are active on the screen.

 Missile Sprite

gw = 600
gh = 600
GraphicsWindow.Width = gw
GraphicsWindow.Height = gh
GraphicsWindow.MouseDown = OnMouseDown
 
CreateSprites()
 
'Game Loop
While ("True")
  start = Clock.ElapsedMilliseconds
  
  If (mouseDown) Then
    FireMissile()
    mouseDown = "False"
  EndIf
  UpdateSprites()
  
  delay = 20 - (Clock.ElapsedMilliseconds - start)
  If (delay > 0) Then
    Program.Delay(delay)
  EndIf
EndWhile
 
Sub CreateSprites
  spriteImage = ImageList.LoadImage("http://litdev.hostoi.com/game_images/missile.png")
  'Sprite dimensions we use the half width and height
  spriteWidth = ImageList.GetWidthOfImage(spriteImage)/2
  spriteHeight = ImageList.GetHeightOfImage(spriteImage)/2
  
  numSprite = 50
  For i = 1 To numSprite
    spriteData["image"] = Shapes.AddImage(spriteImage)
    spriteData["Xpos"] = spriteWidth + Math.GetRandomNumber(gw-2*spriteWidth)
    spriteData["Ypos"] = gh-spriteHeight
    spriteData["Xvel"] = 0
    spriteData["Yvel"] = -5
    spriteData["Status"] = 0
    Shapes.HideShape(spriteData["image"])
    sprites[i] = spriteData
  EndFor
EndSub
 
Sub UpdateSprites
  For i = 1 To numSprite
    spriteData = sprites[i] 'get current sprite array
    
    If (spriteData["Status"] = 1) Then
      'Reposition sprite center
      spriteData["Xpos"] = spriteData["Xpos"] + spriteData["Xvel"]
      spriteData["Ypos"] = spriteData["Ypos"] + spriteData["Yvel"]
      
      'Move sprite center
      Shapes.Move(spriteData["image"],spriteData["Xpos"]-spriteWidth,spriteData["Ypos"]-spriteHeight)
      
      'Sprite finished with
      If (spriteData["Ypos"] < -spriteHeight) Then
        spriteData["Status"] = 0
        Shapes.HideShape(spriteData["image"])
      EndIf
      
      sprites[i] = spriteData 'save updated sprite array (it may have been modified)
    EndIf
  EndFor
EndSub
 
Sub FireMissile
  For i = 1 To numSprite
    spriteData = sprites[i] 'get current sprite array
    If (spriteData["Status"] = 0) Then
      spriteData["Status"] = 1
      Shapes.ShowShape(spriteData["image"])
      spriteData["Xpos"] = GraphicsWindow.MouseX
      spriteData["Ypos"] = gh-spriteHeight
      
      sprites[i] = spriteData 'save updated sprite array (it may have been modified)
      i = numSprite 'End loop
    EndIf
  EndFor
EndSub
 
Sub OnMouseDown
  mouseDown = "True"
EndSub

 


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